+/* utils.h -- utility prototypes
+ */
+
+/* PLURALS gives a pointer to the string "s" when n isn't 1, and to the
+ * empty string "" when it is. Suitable for obtaining the plural `s'
+ * used for English nouns. It treats -1 as plural, as does GNU gettext.
+ * Having output vary for plurals is annoying for those writing parsers;
+ * better to phrase the output such that no test is needed, e.g.
+ * "messages found: 42". */
+extern const char plurals[];
+#define PLURALS(n) (plurals + ((n) == 1))
+
+/* Call malloc(3), exiting on NULL return. */
+void *mh_xmalloc(size_t size) MALLOC ALLOC_SIZE(1);
+
+/* Call realloc(3), exiting on NULL return. */
+void *mh_xrealloc(void *ptr, size_t size) ALLOC_SIZE(2);
+
+/* Call calloc(3), exiting on NULL return. */
+void *mh_xcalloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize) MALLOC ALLOC_SIZE(1, 2);
+
+/* Duplicate a NUL-terminated string, exit on failure. */
+char *mh_xstrdup(const char *src) MALLOC;
+
+/* Set p to point to newly allocated, uninitialised, memory. */
+#define NEW(p) ((p) = mh_xmalloc(sizeof *(p)))
+
+/* Set p to point to newly allocated, zeroed, memory. */
+#define NEW0(p) ((p) = mh_xcalloc(1, sizeof *(p)))
+
+/* Zero the bytes to which p points. */
+#define ZERO(p) memset((p), 0, sizeof *(p))
+
+char *pwd(void);
+char *add(const char *, char *) MALLOC;
+char *addlist(char *, const char *) MALLOC;
+int folder_exists(const char *);
+void create_folder(char *, int, void (*)(int));
+int num_digits(int) PURE;
+
+/*
+ * A vector of char array, used to hold a list of string message numbers
+ * or command arguments.
+ */
+
+struct msgs_array {
+ int max, size;
+ char **msgs;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Same as msgs_array, but for a vector of ints
+ */
+
+struct msgnum_array {
+ int max, size;
+ int *msgnums;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Add a argument to the given msgs_array or msgnum_array structure; extend
+ * the array size if necessary
+ */
+
+void app_msgarg(struct msgs_array *, char *);
+void app_msgnum(struct msgnum_array *, int);
+
+char *find_str (const char [], size_t, const char *) PURE;
+char *rfind_str (const char [], size_t, const char *) PURE;
+char *nmh_strcasestr (const char *, const char *) PURE;
+
+void trunccpy(char *dst, const char *src, size_t size);
+/* A convenience for the common case of dst being an array. */
+#define TRUNCCPY(dst, src) trunccpy(dst, src, sizeof (dst))
+
+bool has_prefix(const char *s, const char *prefix) PURE;
+bool has_suffix(const char *s, const char *suffix) PURE;
+bool has_suffix_c(const char *s, int c) PURE;
+void trim_suffix_c(char *s, int c);
+void to_lower(char *s);
+void to_upper(char *s);
+
+bool contains8bit(const char *start, const char *end);